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Chordate Characteristics
Published on 2012-02-13 08:28:00
The chordates are animals which belong to the phylum Chordata. It includes the vertebrates (animals with spinal column) and animals that have notochord, such as tunicates and lancelets. This phylum gets its name from one of its three distinctive features or characteristics. The first one is the notochord; all chordates at some time during their lifetimes possess a flexible supporting rod along the back, called the notocord, which stiffens the animal's body. In most chordates, the notochord is lo
Effects of Peptide hormones
Published on 2012-02-12 10:55:00
Peptide hormones and catecholamine effects are very important as they influence ion channels, enzyme activity, and the cytoplasmic JAK kinases activity. The receptors for peptide hormones and the catecholamine hormones are located on the outer surface of the target cell's plasma membrane. This location is important, since these hormones are too large and hydrophilic to diffuse through the plasma membrane. When activated by hormone binding, the receptors trigger one or more of the signal transduc
Hormone Metabolism and Excretion
Published on 2012-02-11 09:41:00
Once a hormone has acted on the target tissue, the concentration of the hormone in the blood must be restored to normal. This is necessary to prevent excessive, possibly harmful actions of prolonged exposure of target cells to hormones. A hormone’s concentration in the plasma depends upon (1) its rate of secretion by the endocrine gland, and (2) its rate of removal from the blood. Removal, or "clearance," of the hormone occurs either by excretion or by metabolic transformation. The liver and t
