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Obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome
Published on 2012-02-20 13:25:00
Obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) is a condition in which a person experiences repeated episodes of apnoea/hypopnoea because of closing of the pharyngeal airway during sleep (NICE definition) Symptoms Excessive daytime sleepiness Snoring Morning headaches Nocturia Sexual dysfunction Impaired cognition Risk factors for OSAIncreasing ageObesity Male gender Enlarged tongue or tonsils Conditions associated with OSAHS Marfa
Hypothermia
Published on 2012-02-17 12:58:00
Mild hypothermia: core body temperature < 35CSevere hypothermia: core body temperature < 28C Signs associated with moderate hypothermia include: Bradycardia, atrial arrhythmias Hypotension HypoventilationDilated pupils Hyporeflexia Signs associated with severe hypothermia include: Ventricular arrhythmias or asystole Coma Unreactive pupils Pulmonary oedema InvestigationsECGJ wavearrhythmias ABGMetabolic acidosisBloods FBC -
Pseudomembranous colitis
Published on 2012-02-15 11:54:00
Pseudomembranous colitis is an acute infective colitis which occurs when changes in the bowel flora allows overgrowth of clostridium difficile and thus production of its toxins (especially toxin A and B)PresentationWatery diarrhoea – may be bloodyFeverAbdominal painRaised WCCRisk factorsBroad-spectrum antibiotic use, especially:ClindamycinSecond and third generation cephalosporinsFluoroquinolonesCarbapenemParenteral nutritionDiabetesRenal failureLiver failureCystic fibrosisUpper GI surgeryMaln
